The differences of domestic terrorism and international terrorism

The differences of house servant bratism and international terrorismThe joined States Code (2010) defines domestic terrorism as chipivities that-(A) imply acts dangerous to human life that argon a violation of the criminal laws of the united States or of any State(B) come to the fore to be int hold backed-(i) to intimidate or coerce a civilian population(ii) to influence the policy of a government by intimidation or irresistible impulse or(iii) to affect the precede of a government by mass destruction, assassination, or kidnapping and(C) occur primarily within the territorial jurisdiction of the joined States.The United States Code (2010) goes on to define international terrorism as activities that-(A) involve gaga acts or acts dangerous to human life that be a violation of the criminal laws of the United States or of any State, or that would be a criminal violation if committed within the jurisdiction of the United States or of any State(B) appear to be intended-(i) to inti midate or coerce a civilian population(ii) to influence the policy of a government by intimidation or coercion or(iii) to affect the conduct of a government by mass destruction, assassination, or kidnapping and(C) occur primarily outside the territorial jurisdiction of the United States, or transcend national boundaries in terms of the means by which they are accomplished, the persons they appear intended to intimidate or coerce, or the locale in which their perpetrators operate or seek asylum.In what ways is it functionally different from international terrorism?Functionally domestic terrorism occurs within the boundaries of the United States tour international terrorism occurs outside United States boundaries and jurisdiction.Also, distinguish between domestic terrorism from above vs. domestic terrorism from below. Give examples.Terrorism from above occurs when persons who are legally em authorityed either covertly or overtly use, or threaten to use, governmental violence to pr imary(prenominal)tain or defend political origin within their domestic borders, or to maintain, defend, overthrow, or undermine the political power of other nations within the international community. Terrorism from below occurs when persons use, or threaten to use, political violence either to undermine or overthrow existing governmental policies or structures, or to intimidate individuals and groups they perceive as threatening to the social, political, economic, or ideological status quo (Vohryzek-Bolden et al, 2001, p. 11-12).Simplified, terrorism from above is when a government inflicts terror on the raft and terrorism from below is when the people rebel against the government. Terrorism from below is usually low tech and comprises of things simple to pertain. Some specific forms of terrorism that usually fall into terrorism from below are assassination, dirty bombs, riots, and burnings. Terrorism from above flock be more high tech and hobo use items non easily obtainabl e by individuals. Forms that usually fall into terrorism from above would be imprisonment, mass genocide, and nuclear and biological weapons.Some instances where domestic terrorism from below eat taken place in recent United States history are the World Trade Center Bombing that occurred on February 26, 1993, the Oklahoma City Bombing that occurred on April 19, 1995, and the 17 year long killing spree of the Unabomber from 1978 until tempt in 1996. The Ku Klux Klan likewise committed many acts of terrorism from below against African Americans, Jews and Roman Catholics over a 150 year period. Terrorism from above occurred when the kickoff Americans starting driving out the Native American Indians and continued to do so throughout history limiting them to where they could live, work, and worship. Other cases of terrorism from above is the 1994 Rwandan genocide that kil lead over 800,000 people over the course of 100 days and the Holocaust in which the Nazis killed over 6 million Jews during World War II.Exam principal 22. Summarize the approaches to political violence as exhibited by Mao Tse-Tung, Che Guevara, Carlos Marighella, and Frantz Fanon. Which domestic terror groups from the past or present would you identify with these different approaches? beg off your position.Summarize the approaches to political violence as exhibited by Mao Tse-Tung, Che Guevara, Carlos Marighella, and Frantz Fanon.Mao Tse Tung, Che Guevara, and Carlos Marighella had good intentions about using political violence. These people had adapted guerrilla warfare to distinctly rural and urban locales proposed that terror was to be used as a way to change existing political structures and transform them into Marxist governmental systems and determined that terror was a tool to be used wholly to overthrow the abusers of power, never against innocent civilians. On the other hand, Franz Fanon revised their tactic by claiming that terror was a useful, justifiable means for achieving f reedom and, in some cases, for acting as a cleansing force necessary to survival. Thereafter, some terrorists had devised a version of their concepts that terror was not merely to be used as a means to gain an end, except rather as an end unto itself (Vohryzek-Bolden et al, 2001, p. 69-70).Which domestic terror groups from the past or present would you identify with these different approaches? Explain your position.Like Mao, Guevara and Marighella, the protracted conflicts Irish Republican Army (IRA) and, more recently, the Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) of Yankee Ireland adopt similar ways to deal with political violence. The troubles between England and Ireland are centuries old the self-directed Irish Free State, however, was not established until 1920, after years of struggle by the illegal Irish Republican Army, which combined terrorism and guerilla warfare in its battle with England. At that time, England retained the largely Protestant northern counties of Irela nd, called Ulster, and gave them special status as an entity within Great Britain. Although this theatrical roleition of Ireland was vehemently opposed by the newly independent Irish Free State, it continued and developed certain legitimacy over the years.The IRA tactics, but not its goals, were immensely criticized by the Republic of Ireland during the post-independence era. Choice of tactics also led to the rupture between the PIRA and the OIRA (Official Irish Republican Army) in the ahead of time 1970s. The OIRA now tries to work for peaceful reform, while the PIRA remains a terrorist arrangement (Maxon-Browne, 1981). The PIRAs aim is to dislodge the British troops from Ulster and unite this area with the Republic. Through bombings in England and assaults on British soldiers in England and Northern Ireland, it hopes to wear down British resistance to unification. Each year there are tragic cases of the murder of civilians and soldiers. In 1990 a terrorist attack against the r esidence of the British prime minister was narrowly averted, and in 1992 the IRA stepped up its work of terror, with frequent bombings and bomb threats.On the other hand, Fanons approach is based on the belief that through violence the loaded peoples of Algeria and other nations can rid themselves of their inferiority complex and from their despair and inaction it makes the oppressed fearless and restores self-respect. Fanon views violence not only as a liberating force but also as a means to make, it possible for the masses to understand social truths and gives the key to them (Dobson Payne, 1982, p. 19). This was similar to Osama bin plastered and Al Qaidas approach. Bin Laden has used his ties with al-Qaida to conduct a worldwide campaign of terrorism. The primary goal of Bin Laden and his supporters is to liberate Palestine, with secondary goals of removing the Saudi ruling family from power and driving Western military forces and their corrupt, Western-oriented governments from predominantly Muslim countries. Most Islamic fighters have no interest in strategies of authentication or empiric realisation and no interest in Marxist theories of emancipation. But, in one respect, their actions echo Fanons ideas the act of terror not only had an expressive meaning for the hijackers, but an existential meaning as well. To wit, even suicide can be life affirming (Coker, 2003, p. 291).Exam Question 33. In your opinion, what were the earliest forms of terrorism in the United States? Who were the perpetrators? Who were the victims? Is your opinion the same as that contained in the Vohryzek- Bolden, et al. text? Give examples. Also, explain whether you believe these early terrorists were no better (or no worse) than modern terrorists.The biggest form of early American terrorism in the United States happen when the newly settled British colonials captured, transported, and traded black Africans in America. The perpetrators were the British colonials and the vict ims were Blacks. I believe what the text states in that Blacks were bought and sold and treated as property of Whites. There was a legal slaveholding system that drove terror into all Blacks at the time. Most terrorist actions today, when carried out, only harm very few people even if the target audience is large, actual casualties are low compared to what the Blacks had to suffer through. For over 250 years blacks were forced into slavery and tortured, beaten, starved, and treated worse than a White man would treat his dog. Because of the longevity and severity of the way Whites treated Blacks, it was worse than modern terrorism.Exam Question 44. In what ways are right wing terror groups bonded together by racism, religion, and anti-governmentalism? Also, what role does the right to bear arms under the 2nd Amendment campaign with these groups? How has Odinism become a part of the equation for some?In what ways are right wing terror groups bonded together by racism, religion, and a nti-governmentalism?Acts of terrorism have been around as long as people have. Today, terrorist activities have become more and more active all around the world. The 9/11 attack on the World Trade Center Towers shocked America and the rest of the world into realizing just how quick terrorism can strike. That also changed the US comprehension on terrorism and terrorists. Besides global terrorism, domestic terrorism has become a major connect for the US government. Right-wing extremist groups in the soil are the most dangerous groups, as they pursue anti-government and racist ideology.Right-wing terror groups are generally motivated by notions of white racial supremacy. They also hold anti-government and anti-regulatory beliefs. These terror groups sometimes include extremist Christian groups that launch a crusade against people who do not hold on to tralatitious belief and culture (Michael, 2003, p. 131). Religion, racism and anti-government ideology have tied these right-wing te rrorist groups together. They often indulge in hate crimes such as launching attacks on abortion clinics and shooting members of particular communities.These right-wing terror groups have different social, political and economic outdoor stages. However, any right-wing group that has a different viewpoint cannot be termed as terrorist group. The right-wing groups involved in criminal activities are branded as terrorist organizations by the US government. Extremist right-wing groups engage in activities that are protected by constitutional guarantees of free speech and assembly. Some of the right-wing terrorist groups active in the United States are the World Church of the master (WCOTC) and the Aryan Nations. They propagate anti-government sentiment and racism-based hatred among people (Michael, 2003, p. 132). Right-wing extremists continue to pose a serious threat.Between 1999 and 2001, there have been several large-scale, high-casualty attacks by right-wing terrorists in the Unit ed States (Hamm, 2002, p. 68). In addition, many plans of such attacks had been foiled by the US guarantor agencies in the past. The main objective of such groups was to constitute social and political chaos, thus forcing the US government to declare martial law. They believed that if martial law were declared in the country, it would ultimately lead to a violent overthrow of the government.Also, what role does the right to bear arms under the 2nd Amendment play with these groups?The Second Amendment of the US Constitution states that a well-regulated militia is necessary to the security of a free state. Hence, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed (Rodgers Tim, 2002, p. 101). The legislation has come in handy for right-wing terror groups, as they exploited it to keep and bear arms, and use them against the state. Several terms in the Second Amendment remained vague. It was argued that the right of people refers to the right of the state and common people should not be allowed to carry arms (Rodgers Tim, 2002, p. 101). However, the terms of the legislation remained the same and it let right-terror groups to possess and carry arms in the public.How has Odinism become a part of the equation for some?Odinism played an important role in the growth of right-wing terrorism.Odinism is the indigenous religious faith of the people living in Northern Europe. Later, that belief was imported to the United States. The main objective of Odinism is to free itself from Christian influences and reassert its ancient independence. Followers of Odinism are very conservative and refuse to lead responsibility for the action of others (Michael, 2003, p. 81).It has been noticed that right-wing terrorists have been greatly influenced by the Odinists. The right-wing extremist movements eclectic diversity is a secret collective of paramilitary organization survivalists, tax protesters, bankrupt farmers, bikers, prisoners, Odinists and devotees of the Identity Church, linked together by an elaborate network of computer boards, desktop publications and telephone hotlines (Hewitt, 2002, p. 41).Exam Question 55. separate in detail the groups Greenpeace and PETA. Are either of these terrorist organizations? What is the basis for your answer? Discuss the tactics have they used from time to time. Are any of these tactics guilty but morally justifiable?Describe in detail the groups Greenpeace and PETA.Greenpeace is an international organization that was founded in Vancouver in 1971. When the Vietnam War escalated in the 1960s, thousands of draft resisters and deserters fled the United States and arrived in Canada. Members from that exodus group formed a key role in the founding of Greenpeace (Downes et al, 2003, p. 56). The organization is known for its fight against atmospheric and underground nuclear testing. It took up several environmental issues such as global warming, destruction of forest and genetic engineering. Greenpeace h as national and regional offices in many countries in the world. Ever since its inception, Greenpeace organizations have been deploying its ships elsewhere in the world to protect the environment. Rainbow Warrior, MV Sirius and MV Arctic Sunrise are some of the major ships owned by Greenpeace.People for the estimable Treatment of Animals (PETA) is an American savage rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president. A non-profit corporation with 300 employees and two million members and supporters, it says it is the largest animal rights group in the world. Its slogan is animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, or use for entertainment (PETA, 2010).Are either of these terrorist organizations? What is the basis for your answer?Greenpeace cannot be termed as a terrorist organization, as it never uses violent methods. It raises issues that are related to environment and public health and protests using non-violent methods. However, its way of protest is very intense. Often the Greenpeace activists assimilate the wrath of the government and other agencies because of their nature of protest. The Greenpeace movement did not have a smooth ride. It had to encounter several problems in the past due to the oppressive nature of the government agencies. It is an irony that the tactics of non-violent protest used by Greenpeace and its system of governance have been sources of controversy. Its non-violent direct action has been termed as illegal act of civil disobedience. They are often arrested for minor offenses such as trespassing and breaking the security barriers during protest.PETA could be construed as a terrorist organization even though the actions of PETA itself are non-violent. In the early 2000s PETA made contributions to the Earth Liberation Front (ELF) and the Animal Liberation Front (ALF) activists. Both ELF and ALF are known to enter in illegal and violate acts making them terrorist. They als o have been known to give money to individuals who commit violate acts in support of what PETA believes in, such as burning down research labs that perform test on animals. Even though PETA says that it does not support any acts of violence, they are guilty by association, and can therefore be classified as terrorist by supporting terrorism.Discuss the tactics have they used from time to time. Are any of these tactics culpable but morally justifiable?There has been some criticism that Greenpeace is very conventional. Its door-to-door fund-raising that relies on media exposure has been severely criticized. The government and other agencies believe that the organizations main intent is to get cheap publicity. The Save the Whales campaign launched by Greenpeace activists was criticized by several agencies. Greenpeace had to fight legal battles against the hate tirades launched by some organizations that opposed the pro-whale campaign (Downes et al, 2003, p. 61). Ultimately, it managed to win the legal battle.In some instances, Greenpeace was found using false data in order to make its campaigns success and popular. In 1995, Greenpeace launched a exigent campaign to compel Brent Spar oil platforms owners Royal Dutch/Shell to dismantle the platform. Greenpeace argued that the Spar contained 5000 tons of oil (Downes et al, 2003, p. 62). The efforts made by Greenpeace led to the permanent ban on the dumping of offshore installations at sea. At a later stage, Greenpeace admitted that its claim was inaccurate and apologized for misleading the public (Downes et al, 2003, p. 63). There is no doubt that Greenpeace used illegal ways to enforce the ban on Brent Spar oil platform. However, it was done in the wider public interest. The prime concern of Greenpeace was to protect the environment from any potential danger and it succeeded in it.In July 2003, the Justice Department charged Greenpeace under an old law that intended to end the practice of sailor-mongering. The Gr eenpeace activists had boarded the ship to protest against the import of mahogany, which was illegal in the US. However, they were arrested by the authorities (Downes et al, 2003, p. 78). Later, the case was thrown out of the court. The US government never prosecuted protagonism groups that engaged in peaceful civil disobedience. However, the prosecution of Greenpeace indicated a sea change in the US policy.Ingrid Newkirk, PETAs international president, has made comments stating that she does support freeing of animals from laboratories or any such facility even if it is by illegal means. The fact that PETA has supplied funding to individuals and organizations that have burned, broken into, and even bombed facilities that test or harm animals in any way, proves that they have committed illegal acts. But looking at it from PETAs standpoint, they do not intend to hurt anyone in the process of freeing animals. They barely want animals to be treated the best way possible and not caged, prodded, or tested on. Looking on the situation in that prospective, PETAs actions could be morally justified.

The Political Economic Social Cultural And Technological Environment Marketing Essay

The Political Economic Social Cultural And Technological Environment Marketing assayIt is smasheding(a) for these reasons By making effective spend of PEST Analysis, you ensure that what you argon doing is aligned positively with the forces of change that are affecting our human. By taking advantage of change, you are much more than likely to be triple-crown than if your activities oppose it.Good map of PEST Analysis helps you avoid taking pop off on that is condemned to failure for reasons beyond your control.PEST is useful when you st artwork operating in a virgin country or region. Use of PEST Analysis helps you divide free of unconscious assumptions, and helps you quickly adapt to the realities of the new environment.(http//www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newTMC_09.htm)Our mission to inspire and nurture the human spirit unrivalled and only(a) person, one cup and one neighborhood at a time.Starbucks Objective to establish Starbucks as the to the highest degree re cognized and respected brand in the world. seam Ethics and Compliance is a program that supports Our Starbucks Mission and helps protect our culture and our reputation by providing resources that help partners make ethical decisions at clip.The program develops and distri thoes awareness materials, including theStandards of Business Conduct facilitates effective compliance and ethics training investigates sensitive issues such as potential conflicts of interest and provides additional channels for partners to voice concerns. Partners are encouraged to report all in all types of issues or concerns to the program through their choice of the offeredcommunication channels.PESTLE stands forPolitical The current and potential influences from political pressuresEconomic The local, national and world economy restoreSocial The ways in which changes in society affect usTechnological How new and emerging technology affects our business?Legal How local, national and world legislation a ffects usEnvironmental The local, national and world environmental issuesThe PESTLE analysis provide be used to identify and understand the important factors Starbucks must(prenominal) consider in all areas of the business.Political* Taxation policy high taxation imposed on farmers in those countries producing the hot chocolate bean lead commonly mean Starbucks pay a higher price for the coffee theypurchase. Any fluctuations in taxation levels in the industry are almost certainly at wide last passed on to the consumer. Recently (June 13, 2003) Tanzanias Minister ofFinance harmonized and rationalized local government taxation to boost ruralproductivity of the coffee bean. Tax was lowered for these comminuted holder farmers and this saving will have been passed on to purchasers of coffee like Starbucks.* Deregulation A decade ago, the USA pulled out of the ICA ( internationalistic Coffee Agreement) that set merchandise quotas for producing nations and kept the price of cof fee fairly stable. Coffee quotas and price controls ended. Since the deregulation farmer shave suffered and their earnings have dropped. Many have struggled to make a living so have given up.* International trade regulations/tariffs Trade issues will affect Starbuckspredominantly when exporting and importing goods. When another countrys government imposes a tariff it not only consequents in an efficiency loss for Starbucks but whacking income transfers can become inconsistent with equity. This extra charge can crack a bargain into a rip-off. Also, since 9/11, trade relations have been adversely impactbetween the USA and some other countries.* Government constancy Starbucks should thoroughly investigate the political stability of any country they plan to expand to. Changes in government can lead to changes in taxation and legislation. The coming(a) American elections whitethorn have an effect on Starbucks as new legislation or new or existing government may take on in taxes . Also, those countries in political turmoil or civil war (e.g. Zimbabwe at yield) should be approached with great caution when considering new ventures.* International stability The international economy must be brought into consideration as it can affect Starbucks sales and markets. The aftermath of 9/11 was an example of an sparing downturn that affected the world market. If the world market is in a slump it is not usually the ideal time for a business to look at fantastic expansion.* Employment law A reduction in licensing and permit costs in those countriesproducing the coffee bean for Starbucks would lower production costs for farmers. This saving would in turn be passed on to the purchaser.Economic* Interest order A rise in interest rates means investment and expansion plans are put-off resulting in falling sales for Starbucks and their suppliers. Also mortgage repayments rise so consumers have less disposable income to spend on luxuryproducts such as coffee. Low inter est rates should have the opposite effect.* Economic Growth If growth is low in the nation of location of Starbucks then sales may also fall. Consumer incomes tend to fall in periods of negative growth leaving less disposable income. Consumer confidence in products can also fall if the economic mood is low* Inflation rates Inflation is a condition of increasing prices. It is measured using the Retail Price Index (RPI) in the UK. Business costs will rise for Starbucks through ostentation, as will shoe-leather costs as they shop around for new best prices ofmaterials, menu costs will rise as Starbucks have to create new price lists. Also, uncertainty is created when making decisions not least because inflation redistributes money from lenders to borrowers. A firm that borrows L1000 during an inflationperiod will pay back less in real terms as the value of this money will decline overthe period.* Competitors set Competitive pricing from competitors can start a price war forStarbuc ks that can drive down profits and profit margins as they attempt to increase, or at least abide by, their share of the market.* Globalization Globalization of the coffee market has meant farmers of the bean now earn less money than they used to. This can result in a decrease of people willing to do it for a living, which will mean a decrease in coffee produced, resulting in a drop in Starbucks supply levels and probably profits.* Exchange rates Starbucks are affected by exchange rates when dealing with international trade. If the value of the property falls in the country of a coffee supplierthis enables Starbucks to get more for their $ or L when importing the goods to theircountry. This saving can be passed along to the customer. Exchange rates are foreverchanging throughout the world in todays market.Social* Population demographics Population demographics are a very important factor forStarbucks as they identify what parts of the population they need to aim their product sa t or which parts of the population they need to encourage to examine their stores more than they presently do. Looking at the table in the case study demonstrating thepercentage of the age groups that suck coffee or specialty coffee it can be seen that the age groups that Starbucks should be aiming their marketing at are the peoplebetween 35 and 54. They should consider targeting the 18-24 age group as they drinkthe least amount comparatively and by encouraging this segment to choose Starbucks coffee now, there is a chance they may continue to drink it long into the future.* Income distribution Where income is distributed is another factor that Starbucks should look at as this also demonstrates the ideal place to aim their marketing or to locate their stores. Coffee is more of a luxury product so it is those people/places with the most amount of disposable income to spend that should be targeted the most intensely.* Attitude to work Starbucks would not desire to locate to an ar ea where the localpopulation have a poor attitude to work. Recruitment would be difficult, training arduous, and staff turnover would be high. Attitudes to work are important in otherways. A large number of workers in large cities now go out for their lunch rather than use an internal canteen. Starbucks can use this to their advantage and promote the shop as a place where people can meet up and so it will mean that they will get larger amount of people in their stores at this time of the day.* Standard of education/skills When Starbucks are deciding upon new premise they must look at the standards of education and skills locally. They must be sure there arepeople who live there with sufficient skills to ensure successful operation of thebusiness, or at least the potential to learn that comes with a good education.* Working conditions/safety Those people with the most disposable income, e.g. young wholeness professionals etc, will be accustomed to high standards. Starbucks must en sure its shops are clean and comfortable, service is of the highest order and health and safety issues are fully intercommunicate* Location Transport needs to the premises must be considered for both staff and customers. Easy access is vital to ensure there is no unbosom for staff to arrive late orfor customers not to visit.* Age distribution search shows the average age of the population is getting olderand birth rates are stagnating. Starbucks is presently aiming its product at youngpeople but maybe these views will change in the long-term as the market comparison for young people diminishes. The most profitable way forward may be to widen theirtarget market despite the risk of alienating present customers.* Health consciousness Good health and foodstuffs associated with healthy living are important I todays market place, as this is a trend that is occurring at the here and now in western societies. Starbucks can use this information when deciding the additionalproducts to sell, as healthful as coffee, as a large number of their customers are looking forhealthy alternatives to cakes and biscuits, which have been associated with coffee in the past.Technological* IT development Starbucks is always looking to develop and improve its lucre facilities. Starbucks launched its first-generation e-commerce Web site in 1998. In late1999, Starbucks decided the site needed a major upgrade to enable new functionality and prepare for long-term growth. To achieve these goals, Starbucks upgraded to Microsoft Commerce Server 2000, one of the key Microsoft .NET Enterprise Servers. As a result, scalability and performance have improved, and the company now has the tools it needs to profile and target customers, analyze site data, and deliver new features to the market in the shortest time possible.* New materials and processes Developments in the technology of coffee making machines and the computers that Starbucks use to run their cash registers will enable their staff to work more quickly and efficiently. This will result in customers being served quicker and create the potential to serve more customers in a day. This will impede customers from having to wait around for long periods thus improving customer relations along with increasing the customer base.* Software upgrades In the short-term, Starbucks must identify the most efficient software upgrades to use to keep up with the competition. This applies to the improving the accessibility of their website (www.starbucks.com) and also improving the speed and quality of the service provided on the shop floor.* Research and Development activity As a multi-national business empire, Starbucks has the budget and the resources to have a cutting-edge R+D department. The websites very accessible, the facilities are state of the art but more importantly new ideas are consistently being tried in terms of a constantly updating menu.* Rate of technological change The rate of technological change in the current world market is high, much higher than, say, thirty years ago. Much of this is down to the Internet and the speed with which information can be communicated around the globe. Starbucks will need to invest heavily just to stand still in their ever expanding and ontogeny market, and even more so to try to stay ahead of competitors.Legal* Trade and product restrictions Starbucks need to be aware of the trade laws in the unlike countries they occupy and do business with. They need to ensure they are not in violation of e.g., religious laws. Also, certain countries impose a tariff that has to bepaid when goods are imported/ exported so this must be taken into account.* Employment law Each country has alter employment laws. Some may have a Sabbath day, some may have a limit on the number of hours an employee may workper week, all will have varying levels of minimum wage. Starbucks should considerthese factors when deciding on relocation.* Health and Safety regulations S tarbucks may find these regulations are not as stringent or well enforced in certain countries. It would be wise though to enforce universally high standard of health and safety throughout all its shops to maintain a good global image and ensure all laws are abided by. Also, by not maintaining high standards they will be liable for a large amount of civil cases as it is a legal requirement for them to enable that their staff and customers are safe when they are in their stores.* Monopolies commission If Starbucks consider expanding their operations furtherto control an even larger percentage of the market than they already have they will have to consider the possibility of breaking monopolies legislation as they may have a share of the market that is too large. This would mean that they would have unfairadvantage over other companies in the same market. This would mean that they couldbenefit from economies of scale and would also be able to charge prices that were not competitive i n the market and get away with it due to the lack of competition. The contender Commission are in place to try and prevent these situations occurringe.g. CC (back then the MMC) block BskyB attempted takeover of Manchester United in 1999.* Land use Starbucks may have to abide by local planning regulations when building shops or altering purchased sites, as certain areas of land may be saved orunsuitable. All matters would be addressed by the local government.Environmental* Pollution problems Starbucks customers create a lot of waste as they often recant the shop with their cup of coffee and then shut up of it in the street. The packaging forthis cup must be carefully considered to make it as biologically degradable aspossible. Certain other materials can be very harmful to the natural environment.* Planning permissions Planning permission may not be granted if Starbucks wish well tobuild in an area that could be harmful to the environment. The land may be protected.* Work disp osal Starbucks need to carefully consider the methods in which they dispose of their waste as there are strict laws in most countries to ensure a firm trading in their country disposes of the waste that is created in their business in a specific and efficient way. If they do not follow these laws they may find themselves being sanctioned, which not only affects them financially but also tarnishes the reputation ofthe brand name, as most of the waste created will bear the logo of Starbucks.* Environmental pressure groups Starbucks should be aware of the physical and powerful power of groups such as Greenpeace and Friends of the Earth. Any violation of animal or environmental rights by a company is usually followed by a lively and attention-drawing protest from one of the groups. Brand image and customer bases are often irreconcilably tarnished due to the actions of these groups

Celtic Culture and the Arts Essay -- Celtic Traditions Cultural Artist

Celtic Culture and the ArtsThe legacy the Celts and their culture abide bestowed upon the face of civilization is powerful and enduring. With their rich and intriguing history, and their complex and beautiful beliefs, they have been a great influence in many aspects of present day life, from their art and innovations, to deeply rooted traditions modern humanity stillcontinues to preserve. It is through the inquiry of the Celtic culture as a whole, from their origins, tool usage and inventions, affectionate systems, judicial systems, to their intricate spiritual beliefs that one is able to draw a well-knit sense of unity and connection to these mysterious people from whom some every Indo-European descendant drawstheir ancestry. The Celts were a people unsurpassed in their skill and fortitude as a culture, and even nowadays, at the dawning of the new millennia, their influence and inspiration continues to be felt.The Celts are thought to have originated in the area of what is now Central Europe, primarily east of the Rhine River, such as southern Germany, Austria, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, or even so far as the Volga Steppes in western Russia at about 2000 BC (Pennick, 1997). These inhabitants were called the Beaker People, named for their tradition of burying pottery and various artifacts with their dead (Blundell, 1996). By the twelve century BC, they had expanded across the continent until they dominated most of central, western and northwestern Europe. There their culture flourished as they began to settle into an increasing agricultural lifestyle, gradually becoming less nomadic, and dependent of hunting and gathering as a primary means of survival. This is what is widely regarded as the Urnfield culture. The Urnfielders, with their name derived from their practice of crematingtheir dead, are now thought to be the immediate ancestors of the Celts as they had similar social and societal structures. It has even been suggested that t he Urnfielders spoke an early form of Celtic language. The Celts emerged from this lineage at some point between 1200 to 700 BC. The traditional Celts were a result of a mixtureof many bloodlines from cultures during that period, ultimately arising from the interbreeding and mingling of of a variety of existing cultures and spiritual practices, eventually developing into the Celtic culture a... ...int, or to cover off the mischievous faery folk or the little people. There still remains an order of Druids, a select group of neo-pagan priests who are utilize to the preservation of the ancient belief system of their ancestors, the Celts. With more pagan traditions emerging today from former Celtic traditions, such as that of Wicca and Druidry, the world, or so it seems, has never been more fascinated with the Celts. But, like anything else that has the power of endurance, the Celts as a people have changed in every aspect of their lives to adapt with the pressures facingthem, an d thus, despite the resurgence of Celtic spiritualists, the original beliefs as the Celts once held them are now essentially lost, and will for the most part, remain forever unknown.BibliographyBlundell, Nigel1999 Ancient England. Prospero Books, London.Eddy, Steve1999 Timeless Wisdom of the Celts. Hodder and Stoughton Publishing, London.Lavin, Patrick1999 The Celtic World. Hippocrene Books Inc., New York.Pennick, Nigel1997 The Sacred World of the Celts. Inner Traditions International, Rochester.Piggot, Stuart1996 The Druids. Thames and Hudson, London.

Portrayal of Women in William Shakespeares Plays Essay -- Female Wome

William Shakespeares characterization of women varies immensely from one comedy to another. In his works, Taming of the Shrew, The Merchant of Venice, and practically Ado About Nothing, he portrays both dominant and dominated women. Ultimately, Shakespeare examines the complexity of women by displaying the vast array of attitudes, emotions, and their treatment and reaction to men as well as refuting the typical subservient wife role. In Shakespeares The Taming of the Shrew, the difficulties of coupling and submission take center stage. When the determined Petruchio marries the domineering Katherine it sets the scene for a battle of willpower. Eventually, Petruchio successfully tames Kate at the expense of losing a potentially loving and kindly wife. In fact, Kate behaves more like a fearful puppy dog longing to please her husband than a respectable wife. Though Kate contrasts other egg-producing(prenominal) characters in Shakespeare?s comedies by submitting to her husband, her obedience is merely the product of an authoritative husband?s demands and threats. Her submission is merely a faade of obedience. Before marriage, Kate is notorious for her ill temper and resistance towards men. A character named Grumio calls Kate, ? ?Katherine the curst,? a title for a maid, of all the worst? (Shakespeare 57). Men fear Kate because of her violent nature and volcanic emotions. But after Kate is subjected to Petruchio?s torments, she relents to him and gives in to his ways for the benefit of sustenance and sanity. In the end, Petruchio beckons Kate to teach the other wives to be subservient to their husbands. Kate explains, ?Such duty as the subject owes the prince, even such a woman oweth to her husband and when she is forward... ...HaroldBloom. New York Chelsea, 1988. Newman, Karen. ?The Taming of the Shrew A Modern Perspective.? The Tamingof the Shrew. William Shakespeare. New York chapiter Square Press, 1992.Novy, Marianne L. ?Patr iarchy and Play.? William Shakespeare?s The Taming of theShrew. Harold Bloom ed. New York Chelsea, 1988.Paster, Gail. ?Much Ado About Nothing A Modern Perspective.? Much Ado About Nothing. William Shakespeare. New York Washington Square Press, 1992.Rossiter, A.P. ?Much Ado About Nothing.? Ed. Harold Bloom. New York Chelsea,1986. 163-176.Shakespeare, William. Much Ado About Nothing. New York Washington Square Press, 1995.---. The Merchant of Venice. New York Washington Square Press, 1992.---. The Taming of the Shrew. New York Washington Square Press, 1992.

The Political Community in Guatemala Essay -- essays research papers

The Political CommunityThe social apartheid that exist in Guatemala separates Guatemala into two places and does not allow the agricultural to be united, both democratically socially. The native population is separated from opportunities. Without the minimal conditions, necessary for citizens to exercise their rights in practice there is not citizenship and therefore no true democracy. New democratic institutions must both address the anxiety existing among Ladinos and prove to be responsive to a sizeable segment of the national community that has previously been excluded based on language and ethnicity. Authoritarian regimes which retain considerable power and the democratic transition is never fully consolidated, stable, or lasting. Dealing not only with the elimination of forces control, but also addressing the countrys historical problems, including massive social inequalities. More than half of Guatemalans atomic number 18 descendants of indigenous Mayan peoples. Westerniz ed Mayans and mestizos (mixed European and indigenous ancestry) are known as Ladinos. Most of Guatemalas population is rural, though urbanization is accelerating. Although the official language is Spanish, it is not universally understood among the indigenous population. According to the World Bank, Guatemala is the country with the second-greatest income disparity between rich and poor in Latin America, behind Brazil. On which sides of that divide Guatemalans sit depends largely on whether they are Indian...

Shockwave Rider :: essays research papers

There are numerous books on the science fictionmarket, that aim with the myriad of possibilitiesinvolving the technology of the future. John Brunnersbook, Shockwave Rider, is unmatched of the most popular, aswell as one of the most famous, books dealing with thisissue. Brunner presents many different realities to thereader, and they are all potentially very realistic interms of the current state of technology. For the mostpart, Brunner seems to illustrate that technology, as itrelates to the world wide datanet, is a good thing. Thisis not to say that he does not illustrate it as a verynegative reality in the world he presents to the reader,but he does indicate that the world wide datanet andtechnology has immense potential to make the world a betterplace for all concerned.In Brunners book we have a reality that isincredibly tense, and almost credible today. The spacethat the author deals with is filled with endless bits ofinformation (information overload to be more precise),co rporate domination, and it appears, just like manyscience fiction books that deal with the planet earth inthe future, everything is known about everyone. there areno secrets from the system. Brunner illustrates this as areality that is not necessarily very desirable. He plantsa character, Nickie Haflinger, onto the scene. As withmany books we can look at this character and see theauthor within. Haflinger is a prodigy whose talents allowhim to switch identities with a childly phone call. By theadvanced technology and the ingenuity that is completelyHaflingers, we see that the author is not one to becontent with the realities that may be a possibility inthe future of technology.Brunner clearly illustrates, by the previousdescription of Haflinger, that technology and the advanceswithin that field, are incredibly beneficial, or they canbe. but he is clearly unhappy with the way things haveturned out due to the controlling nature of thegovernments. This is further illustrated in the fac t thatBrunners hero is a preteen man who is bent on changing theworld. He struggles to evade the officials and uses allskills available to him, whether inherent skills ortechnological ones, to the best of his ability, to put anend to the vilification of power that is so much a part of hisworld which involves the entity of the world wide datanet.Perhaps, one of the most insightful parts of the bookcomes in the starting signal half, when Haflinger is experiencingflashbacks due to interrogations. It is in these sectionsthat we see the inner mind of Brunner as he deflty

Market Research :: Business and Management Studies

foodstuff ResearchFinding out about what consumers want and need, and what makes thembuy, is called MARKET RESEARCH.Market research is the process of gaining information about customers,competitors and market trends through and through collecting primary and secondarydata.Why Research the Market?Businesses that are product oriented risk spending large amounts ofmoney launching a product, which could be a failure.Research the market helps reduce this risk.It focuses research and design effort onto products, which provoke achance of success in the market place.When the product is launched, a carefully researched product standsless chance of failing.Market research attempts to find the answers to questions a businessmight have about its market.This information is collected via desk research and field research.The information is then collected and analysed. The business thendecides about what to do in the light of the information formed.Desk ResearchDESK RESEARCH involves the use of SE CONDARY DATA. This is informationthat is available, both within and outside the businessInternal Sources is such as sales invoices, reports and accounts.Government is published statistics, such as consumer spending figuresreports such as Monopolies and Mergers Commission Reports.The Media is reports in newspapers, magazines, on radio and ontelevision.Trade Associations is statistics or reports published by nationalorganizations such as the TUC, the CBI or chambers of commerce, orindustry associations such as the Engineering Employers Federation orthe topic Farmers Union.Research Organisations is reports prepared by specialist marketresearch organizations such as Mintel or Mori articles published inacademic journals such as university journals. expanse ResearchFIELD RESEARCH involves the collection of PRIMARY DATA is informationwhich no one has yet collected.It is collected for the particular piece of research through directinvestigation, that is, observation, survey and experiment.